Voltage Drop Calculator (Wire Size)



This Calculator will determine the minimum size conductor needed based on a 3% Voltage Drop. It does not take into consideration other factors such as minimum ampacity based on the National Electric Code Table 310-16. ( Allowable ampacitys of conductors ). Consult The Electrical Code for further details. Estimate only.

Please enter your values:

120 Volts Copper Single Phase
208 Volts Aluminum Three Phase
240 Volts
277 Volts
480 Volts
Distance in feet, one-way
Total amperage of circuit
This is your minimum wire size.



Wire diameter calculations

The n gauge wire diameter dn in inches (in) is equal to 0.005in times 92 raised to the power of 36 minus gauge number n, divided by 39:

dn (in) = 0.005 in × 92(36-n)/39

The n gauge wire diameter dn in millimeters (mm) is equal to 0.127mm times 92 raised to the power of 36 minus gauge number n, divided by 39:

dn (mm) = 0.127 mm × 92(36-n)/39

Wire cross sectional area calculations

The n gauge wire's cross sercional area An in kilo-circular mils (kcmil) is equal to 1000 times the square wire diameter d in inches (in):

An (kcmil) = 1000×dn2 = 0.025 in2 × 92(36-n)/19.5

The n gauge wire's cross sercional area An in square inches (in2) is equal to pi divided by 4 times the square wire diameter d in inches (in):

An (in2) = (π/4)×dn2 = 0.000019635 in2 × 92(36-n)/19.5

The n gauge wire's cross sercional area An in square millimeters (mm2) is equal to pi divided by 4 times the square wire diameter d in millimeters (mm):

An (mm2) = (π/4)×dn2 = 0.012668 mm2 × 92(36-n)/19.5



NFPA 70: National Electrical Code     Codes and Standards

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Any calculation, summary, description, or paraphrase on this site is intended to provide general guidance only.  All calculations should be confirmed and checked before using. Requirements and calculations are estimates only.

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